{"id":14164,"date":"2020-09-17T12:30:30","date_gmt":"2020-09-17T19:30:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.privateinternetaccess.com\/blog\/?p=14164"},"modified":"2020-09-17T12:52:10","modified_gmt":"2020-09-17T19:52:10","slug":"researchers-were-able-to-figure-out-which-american-phone-numbers-use-signal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.privateinternetaccess.com\/blog\/researchers-were-able-to-figure-out-which-american-phone-numbers-use-signal\/","title":{"rendered":"Researchers were able to figure out which American phone numbers use Signal"},"content":{"rendered":"

Privacy flaws in contact discovery have led to a research team being able to enumerate all American Signal users. Enumeration means that using the contact discovery built into the Signal app, researchers were able to perform a large-scale crawling attack and figure out which American phone numbers were attached to a Signal account. The new research paper<\/a> was released by Christoph Hagen, Christian Weinert, Christoph Sendner, Alexandra Dmitrienko, and Thomas Schneider. It is titled: \u201cAll the Numbers are US: Large-scale Abuse of Contact Discovery in Mobile Messengers.\u201d<\/p>\n

Current contact discovery implementations have a lot of privacy flaws \u2013 even in otherwise private apps<\/h2>\n

The paper highlights the privacy flaws of contact discovery APIs utilized by most messaging apps \u2013 including ones recommended for privacy such as Signal, Telegram<\/a>, and WhatsApp.\u00a0 When you sign up for a messaging service like WhatsApp, an entire list of your contacts is sent to the centralized service unencrypted which has the side effect of leaking your social graph. Some messaging services, like Signal, have improved on that archaic model and send hashed copies of contacts to evaluate; however, said hashes are likely reversible by the service provider. Of course, it\u2019s possible for the apps to infer this information just from metadata<\/a>, and it\u2019s naive to think they don\u2019t.<\/p>\n

All American Signal users enumerated due to contact discovery privacy flaws<\/h2>\n

The authors described their enumeration process which highlights the most glaring privacy flaw from current contact discovery implementations:<\/p>\n

\u201cUsing an accurate database of mobile phone number prefixes and very few resources, we have queried 10 % of US mobile phone numbers for WhatsApp and 100 % for Signal.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Some implementations of contact discovery are better than others. The researchers noted that Telegram seemingly leaked additional contact information \u2013 even for those contacts that don\u2019t use Telegram:<\/p>\n

\u201cFor Telegram we find that its API exposes a wide range of sensitive information, even about numbers not registered with the service.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Through their research, the paper\u2019s authors were even able to gather data on how many phone numbers use both Signal and WhatsApp or Telegram and Signal or any combination of the three. Some people might not see the privacy implications of leaking your social graph, or being enumerated as a user of a service; however, the potential for damage is there.<\/p>\n

The researchers explained:<\/p>\n

\u201cThe simple information whether a specific phone number is registered with a certain messaging service can be sensitive in many ways, especially when it can be linked to a person. For example, in areas where some services are strictly forbidden, disobeying citizens can be identified and persecuted.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Persecution for using encryption and privacy apps is a very real threat<\/a> in multiple jurisdictions in the world. All hope isn\u2019t lost, though, the paper points out novel techniques for mitigating contact discovery\u2019s privacy flaws and hopefully we see them implemented by otherwise very privacy forward companies. Not tying phone numbers to encrypted messaging apps would be nice, too.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Privacy flaws in contact discovery have led to a research team being able to enumerate all American Signal users. Enumeration means that using the contact discovery built into the Signal app, researchers were able to perform a large-scale crawling attack and figure out which American phone numbers were attached to a Signal account. The new … Continue reading “Researchers were able to figure out which American phone numbers use Signal”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":14169,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_stopmodifiedupdate":false,"_modified_date":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1001,1,1941],"tags":[1997,1998,1996,689,284],"class_list":["post-14164","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-encryption","category-news","category-surveillance","tag-contact-discovery","tag-enumeration","tag-signal","tag-telegram","tag-whatsapp"],"yoast_head":"\nResearchers were able to figure out which American phone numbers use Signal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Privacy flaws in contact discovery have led to a research team being able to enumerate all American Signal users.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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