{"id":15619,"date":"2021-05-20T11:05:40","date_gmt":"2021-05-20T18:05:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.privateinternetaccess.com\/blog\/?p=15619"},"modified":"2020-11-17T02:28:00","modified_gmt":"2020-11-17T02:28:00","slug":"better-than-the-eus-gdpr-chinas-new-privacy-law-includes-a-rule-for-handling-personal-information-after-death","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.privateinternetaccess.com\/blog\/better-than-the-eus-gdpr-chinas-new-privacy-law-includes-a-rule-for-handling-personal-information-after-death\/","title":{"rendered":"Better than the EU’s GDPR? China’s new privacy law includes a rule for handling personal information after death"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Back in January, Privacy News Online wrote about China\u2019s important new privacy legislation, the Personal Information Protection Law<\/a>. That post concentrated on the law\u2019s extraterritorial reach, and its likely impact on non-Chinese companies, and referred to the first draft of the law<\/a>. The second version<\/a> has just been released, and an article on the Protocol site has taken a look, concentrating on how the new law will impact Chinese citizens. Those in the West used to tales of China\u2019s oppressive government surveillance systems may be surprised to read the following view, quoted in the article:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cIt\u2019s a good law,\u201d Jeremy Daum, a senior fellow of the Yale Law School Paul Tsai China Center, told Protocol. \u201cWe tend to think of China as not being overly concerned with privacy, and that\u2019s just wrong \u2026 There\u2019s a growing expectation of privacy in the Chinese public, and the government is responding to it by passing high-level authority to try and ensure some protections.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

The title of the Protocol analysis is \u201cChina could soon have stronger privacy laws than the U.S.\u201d; in some respects, the proposed Personal Information Protection Law, likely to pass by the end of the year, even surpasses the EU\u2019s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), often regarded as the benchmark in this area. A good example of how the second draft has strengthened privacy protection for users is the new Article 57, which reads as follows in a translation by the Stanford DigiChina Cyber Policy Center<\/a>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Personal information handlers providing basic Internet platform services, who have a large number of users, and whose business models are complex shall fulfill the following obligations:<\/p>

1. Establish an independent body composed mainly of outside members to supervise personal information handling activities;<\/p>

2. Stop providing services to products or service providers on the platform that seriously violate laws or administrative regulations in handling personal information;<\/p>

3. Regularly release personal information protection social responsibility reports, and accept society\u2019s supervision.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

As the Protocol article notes, that\u2019s remarkably similar to the independent privacy committee that Facebook was required to set up as part of its $5 billion settlement with the FTC<\/a>, agreed in July 2019. There, Facebook agreed to establish an independent privacy committee of Facebook\u2019s board of directors, removing full control by Mark Zuckerberg over decisions affecting user privacy. Members of the privacy committee have to be independent and are appointed by an independent nominating committee. China\u2019s new Personal Information Protection Law is particularly strong on ensuring that the increasing use of algorithms does not adversely impact people\u2019s privacy. Article 25 reads:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Those conducting commercial sales or information push delivery through automated decision making methods, shall simultaneously provide the option to not target an individual\u2019s characteristics, or provide the individual with a method to refuse.<\/p>

When the use of automated decision-making produces decisions with a major influence on the rights and interests of the individual, they have the right to require personal information handlers to explain the matter, and they have the right to refuse that personal information handlers make decisions solely through automated decision making methods.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

That\u2019s close to Article 22 of the EU\u2019s GDPR<\/a>, which states: \u201cThe data subject shall have the right not to be subject to a decision based solely on automated processing, including profiling, which produces legal effects concerning him or her or similarly significantly affects him or her.\u201d But in one respect, China\u2019s draft law goes beyond the GDPR by including the following clause:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

When a natural person is deceased, the rights of the individual as to personal information handling activities according to the provisions of this Chapter shall be exercised by the next of kin.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Although death is naturally something that many are reluctant to discuss or even think about, what happens to people\u2019s personal data after they die is becoming a pressing matter. In the US, the Fiduciary Access to Digital Assets Act<\/a> governs access to a person\u2019s online accounts when the owner dies. This law essentially extends the traditional power of a fiduciary to manage tangible property to include digital assets. It does not permit a fiduciary to access email, texts and social media accounts unless the original user consented to this in a will or similar. It also allows people to use online tools provided by digital services to specify how they want their digital assets handled after their death. In the EU, neither primary nor secondary law (such as the GDPR) provides for post-mortem data protection. Companies holding personal data of deceased users have therefore come up with ad hoc solutions<\/a> for what happens to that data, and who \u2013 relatives, for example \u2013 can access it after someone\u2019s death.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The lack of clear legal frameworks around the world has led some to call for a formal recognition of post-mortem privacy, and the right of people to control their personal data after death. However, as the researcher Edina Harbinja notes in her 2017 review of post-mortem privacy<\/a>, this needs to be done in a way that balances the privacy and free speech interests of others. As more people currently using the Internet die, this issue will become something that legislators around the world will need to address. It\u2019s interesting that China looks likely to become the first to do so \u2013 a sign that it is no longer simply following the West as far as privacy is concerned, but sometimes taking the lead.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Featured image by Peter Griffin<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Back in January, Privacy News Online wrote about China\u2019s important new privacy legislation, the Personal Information Protection Law. That post concentrated on the law\u2019s extraterritorial reach, and its likely impact on non-Chinese companies, and referred to the first draft of the law. The second version has just been released, and an article on the Protocol … Continue reading “Better than the EU’s GDPR? China’s new privacy law includes a rule for handling personal information after death”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":15610,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_stopmodifiedupdate":false,"_modified_date":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,130,1940,1941],"tags":[565,225,2381,200,104,1415,485,1207,2164,2382],"class_list":["post-15619","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","category-governments","category-social-media","category-surveillance","tag-algorithms","tag-china","tag-death","tag-eu","tag-facebook","tag-ftc","tag-gdpr","tag-mark-zuckerberg","tag-pipl","tag-post-mortem"],"yoast_head":"\nBetter than the EU's GDPR? 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