{"id":8162,"date":"2018-07-08T03:00:47","date_gmt":"2018-07-08T10:00:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.privateinternetaccess.com\/blog\/?p=8162"},"modified":"2018-07-06T22:35:00","modified_gmt":"2018-07-06T22:35:00","slug":"tv-addons-legal-battle-against-canadian-media-giants-demonstrates-severe-consequences-facing-developers-accused-of-copyright-infringement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.privateinternetaccess.com\/blog\/tv-addons-legal-battle-against-canadian-media-giants-demonstrates-severe-consequences-facing-developers-accused-of-copyright-infringement\/","title":{"rendered":"TV Addons: Legal battle against Canadian media giants demonstrates severe consequences facing developers accused of copyright infringement"},"content":{"rendered":"

Earlier this year, a coalition of Canadian media groups including Bell, Rogers, Quebecor, and the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, presented a controversial <\/span>proposal<\/span><\/a> to the Canadian telecommunications regulator to implement a website-blocking system and independent agency to respond to online piracy. \u00a0While the \u201cFairPlay Coalition\u201d is seeking additional tools to respond to piracy and copyright infringement, the recent legal struggles of Canadian software developer and founder of TV Addons, Adam Lackman, illustrate the effective and severe tools currently available through Canadian courts.\u00a0 Lackman\u2019s experience highlights the potentially severe consequences of being sued for copyright infringement, even before claims have been heard by the courts and tried on their merits.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bell v. Lackman<\/em> (TV Addons)<\/h2>\n

Last year, Bell, Rogers and Quebecor filed a lawsuit against Adam Lackman as the founder of TV Addons, which he describes as a software platform for accessing free, open source addons for the Kodi media player. \u00a0These addons are submitted by independent developers, and some of the addons available prior to the lawsuit were alleged to infringe on the plaintiffs\u2019 legal rights under the Canadian <\/span>Copyright Act<\/span><\/i>. \u00a0\u00a0While the matter has not been tried on its merits, this makes the proceedings to date and their impact all the more concerning.<\/span><\/p>\n

Adam Lackman first learned that he was being sued by three major Canadian media groups when bailiffs arrived at his home on June 20, 2017. \u00a0They came accompanied by computer technicians and bearing a court order that authorized them to search for, access and seize evidence in support of a civil lawsuit that claimed commercial damages under the Canadian <\/span>Copyright Act<\/span><\/i>. \u00a0In addition to seizing Lackman\u2019s servers, domain names and social media accounts, the order (known as an Anton Piller<\/em> order) also allowed the plaintiff\u2019s attorneys to question Lackman about the operation of his website, TV Addons.<\/span><\/p>\n

What is an\u00a0Anton Piller\u00a0<\/em>order?<\/span><\/h2>\n

An Anton Piller order is an extraordinary procedural remedy available in Canadian civil law, which came before the Supreme Court of Canada in<\/span> Celanese Canada Inc. v. Murray Demolition Corp<\/span><\/i><\/a>. <\/span><\/i>(2006 SCC 36). \u00a0\u00a0They are sought on an ex parte basis, which means that when one party applies to the court for an Anton Piller order to be granted, the target of the order does not need to be notified. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Before the order is executed, the defendant does not have an opportunity to challenge the arguments in favour of granting the order or to respond to the evidence presented by the party requesting the order. \u00a0Failure to comply with an Anton Piller order can lead to contempt of court charges.<\/span><\/p>\n

Recognizing that an Anton Piller order is an invasive and extraordinary measure, the Canadian courts expect parties requesting an order to demonstrate that:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. they have a strong prima facie<\/i><\/a> case;<\/li>\n
  2. the potential or actual damage done to the plaintiff or their business is very serious;<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. there is persuasive evidence that the defendant has incriminating evidence in their possession; and\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. there is a real possibility that this evidence would be destroyed or disappear before it would be shared in the discovery process. \u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    The Order & a Costly Appeal<\/h2>\n

    After the Anton Piller order was executed against Lackman on an interim basis, the plaintiffs sought a declaration from the Federal Court that the order was lawfully conducted and to convert an interim injunction obtained to prevent TV Addons from continuing to operate. \u00a0On June 30, 2017, Justice Bell issued a decision revoking the Anton Piller order and injunction, finding that the plaintiffs\u2019 case did not meet the threshold necessary to justify the order. Justice Bell also stated that if the injunction was upheld, it would \u201cneutralize\u201d Lackman\u2019s business and cause significant financial harm. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    However, the plaintiffs appealed this decision, and on February 20, 2018, the Federal Court of Appeal set aside Justice Bell\u2019s order, issued the injunction and declared the Anton Piller order to be lawfully executed. \u00a0The Federal Court of Appeal held that Justice Bell misapplied a relevant section of the <\/span>Copyright Act <\/span><\/i>and made factual conclusions not supported by the evidence. \u00a0The Federal Court of Appeal also awarded costs, requiring Lackman to pay the plaintiff\u2019s legal fees of $50,000. \u00a0In an <\/span>online post<\/span><\/a>, TV Addons states that the plaintiffs have since returned to Lackman\u2019s house with a court order, seizing property to sell in order to satisfy this debt. <\/span><\/p>\n

    Copyright Compliance: Risks & Challenges<\/h2>\n

    Since the seizure of the original domain name, TV Addons has relaunched with new ownership and a stricter submission policy, requiring open source addons to have \u201ceasily verifiable\u201d licensing, criteria which Lackman says can be difficult to meet. \u00a0As an example, he cites occasions where submitted addons have scraped media content from YouTube channels owned by production companies or where content may be appropriately licensed for sharing within one country but licensed differently in other regions. While DMCA<\/em> takedown notices<\/a> can help companies identify and remove infringing content to comply with US law, takedown requests are not required in all circumstances under Canadian law. \u00a0Lackman notes that he never received a takedown request from any of the companies suing him.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Although Lackman\u2019s case has yet to go to trial on its merits, the proceedings to date offer a strong cautionary tale for companies, projects and developers working in this space. \u00a0Without access to better, cost-effective means to verify licensing and identify infringement on platforms with user-submitted content, even well-intentioned projects can face substantial financial and privacy-related consequences before any alleged infringement can be proven.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Earlier this year, a coalition of Canadian media groups including Bell, Rogers, Quebecor, and the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, presented a controversial proposal to the Canadian telecommunications regulator to implement a website-blocking system and independent agency to respond to online piracy. \u00a0While the \u201cFairPlay Coalition\u201d is seeking additional tools to respond to piracy and copyright infringement, … Continue reading “TV Addons: Legal battle against Canadian media giants demonstrates severe consequences facing developers accused of copyright infringement”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":8174,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_stopmodifiedupdate":true,"_modified_date":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[250,1],"tags":[429,245,834],"class_list":["post-8162","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-copyright","category-news","tag-canada","tag-copyright","tag-open-source"],"yoast_head":"\nTV Addons: Legal battle against Canadian media giants demonstrates severe consequences facing developers accused of copyright infringement<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"TV Addons founder Adam Lackman was raided and sued by Canadian media giants, showing the severe consequences developers can face over copyright.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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